Printed Electronics (PE) is an emerging technology with unique characteristics that is complementary to conventional technologies. PE technology combines additive manufacturing
techniques and electronic functionality to enable the development of innovative devices using a variety of point-of-use, cost-effective and environmentally friendly materials on a wide range of substrates (flexible or rigid).

PE technology enables the realization of modern Internet of Things (IoT) applications such as smart packaging, smart labels, wearable electronics, flexible diagnostic devices, electronic skin, etc. However, in recent years numerous hardware-based attacks have been recorded, which strengthens the critical importance of security issues of hardware platforms.

Since targeted PE applications can perform vital functions and contain sensitive information, such as implantable devices and health monitoring patches, security flaws and trust issues can cause
serious problems. In addition, the unique characteristics of PE technology result in greater vulnerability to hardware-based attacks and new trust issues, such as reverse engineering, counterfeiting, and hardware trojans. This thesis aims at a technology-specific assessment of hardware-level threats and their countermeasures to ensure the certified operation of printed electronics devices in IoT applications. To achieve this goal, various approaches that can ensure identification at the hardware level will be studied and examined, such as the use of Physical Unclonable Function [pPUF], for example.